Social Security credits play a crucial role in determining eligibility for Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and Survivors Benefits. These credits are earned through employment and payment of Social Security taxes. But how exactly do you earn them, and how many do you need to qualify for these essential benefits? Let’s break it down.
Table of Contents
Earning
Since 1978, individuals can earn up to four Social Security credits each year. The number of credits you earn depends on your total annual earnings, not how long you worked. For 2025, one credit is awarded for every $1,810 earned, and earning $7,240 for the year will give you the maximum four credits.
Once earned, credits stay on your record permanently, even if your employment status changes or you take a break from working. Each year, the earnings required for credits typically increase with wage growth, but your past credits remain secure.
Requirements
To qualify for SSDI, most people need to accumulate 40 credits over their lifetime. With a maximum of four credits per year, this translates to about 10 years of work. However, there are exceptions based on age and specific work tests.
Here’s a quick look at the credit requirements based on age at the time of disability:
| Age at Disability | Credits Required |
|---|---|
| Before 24 | 6 credits in the past 3 years |
| 24 to 30 | Credits for half the years worked since age 21 |
| 31 and older | 20 credits in the past 10 years |
| 60 | 38 credits (9.5 years of work) |
So, if you become disabled at 60, you need at least 9.5 years of work history to qualify. For those under 24, only six credits earned in the three years before disability are needed.
Survivors
Survivors Benefits also depend on Social Security credits. If a worker dies before claiming their benefits but has paid Social Security taxes, their family may qualify for benefits. The number of credits needed varies based on the deceased’s age at death, with up to 10 years of work required in some cases.
Who can receive these benefits? Here’s the breakdown:
- A surviving spouse can receive full benefits at retirement age or reduced benefits starting at age 60.
- A disabled surviving spouse can claim benefits from age 50.
- Any surviving spouse caring for a child under 16 or a disabled child can receive benefits regardless of age.
- Unmarried children under 18 (or 19 if still in school) and disabled adult children whose condition began before age 22 can also qualify.
- Dependent parents aged 62 or older may also receive Survivors Benefits.
Importance
Although earning credits is essential for eligibility, the total number of credits does not determine the exact amount of your benefit. However, failing to meet the required credit threshold means you won’t qualify for payments, no matter your need. It’s also good to remember that credits remain on your record for life, providing flexibility if your work situation changes.
Knowing Social Security credits is crucial if you want to secure SSDI or Survivors Benefits for yourself or your loved ones. Keep track of your earnings, aim to earn your yearly credits, and ensure you meet the requirements based on your age and circumstances. These credits are more than just numbers—they’re your ticket to essential financial support when you need it most.
FAQs
How many Social Security credits can I earn per year?
You can earn up to four credits per year, based on your annual earnings.
How many credits are needed for SSDI?
You need 40 credits, which is about 10 years of work, though exceptions exist based on age.
What are the credit requirements for disability before age 24?
You need six credits earned in the three years before the disability starts.
Who can receive Social Security Survivors Benefits?
Surviving spouses, children, and dependent parents may qualify based on the deceased’s work history.
Do Social Security credits expire?
No, once earned, Social Security credits remain on your record permanently.
